@scholar
Claim 1: "Scholarly uncertainty about 605 or 609
BCE invalidates the secular chronology"
You claim
that because some scholars debate whether the 70 years began in 605 or 609 BCE,
secular chronology is uncertain. This is a serious misunderstanding of the
nature of historical chronology. Scholarly debates about minor
details (such as whether the start date for Babylon's dominance is
precisely 609 BCE after the battle of Harran, or 605 BCE after Carchemish)
reflect healthy scholarly inquiry into specific events. Such small
variances are common in ancient history and are measured in just a few
years. However, no reputable
historian places Jerusalem's destruction outside of the clearly
established range of 586/587 BCE because multiple independent lines
of evidence (Babylonian Chronicles, astronomical texts, archaeological
layers, and Persian, Greek, and Egyptian records) converge powerfully upon
this date. The JW position (607 BCE)
demands a full 20-year distortion, not a minor scholarly debate of
3 or 4 years. Such a large distortion is historically impossible given the
wealth of independent evidence.
Claim 2: "Jeremiah 25:11 and 29:10 refer only to
Judah’s exile."
You state
Jeremiah’s prophecy relates exclusively to Judah and its exile.Jeremiah explicitly includes
multiple nations ("these nations") serving Babylon for 70 years
(Jer 25:11), indicating Babylonian regional dominance, not exclusively
Judah’s exile or land desolation. Jeremiah 29:10 explicitly says
after Babylon's 70-year domination ends, Judah would return. Historical
records show Babylon fell precisely in 539 BCE, Cyrus issued the decree in
538 BCE (historically verified by the Cyrus Cylinder), and the Jews
returned shortly thereafter—not arbitrarily delayed until 537 BCE as your
chronology imposes without evidence. The JW interpretation
artificially isolates Judah, ignoring biblical wording and historical evidence.
Claim 3: "Babylon’s judgment (Jer. 25:12) began
after the Jews returned in 537 BCE."
You assert
Babylon’s judgment began only after the Jews returned in 537 BCE. Jeremiah 25:12 explicitly
states Babylon’s punishment would begin "when seventy years are
completed." Babylon lost its political sovereignty precisely in 539
BCE with Cyrus's conquest, marking the exact end of Babylon’s dominance as
prophesied. Your argument confuses
Babylon’s political judgment (539 BCE) with later physical desolation over
centuries. Jeremiah’s prophecy refers directly to political overthrow,
fulfilled immediately upon Babylon's fall in 539 BCE, confirmed
historically and biblically.
Claim 4: "Josephus, archaeology, astronomy
indirectly support 607 BCE."
You argue
Josephus, archaeology, and astronomy support JW chronology indirectly.
- Josephus explicitly states Jerusalem
fell in the 18th year of Nebuchadnezzar. Astronomical tablets (VAT 4956,
BM 21946) date Nebuchadnezzar’s reign conclusively, placing his 18th year
in 586/587 BCE. Josephus thus explicitly contradicts your claim of 607
BCE.
- Archaeology unanimously confirms
Jerusalem's destruction at 586/587 BCE (clearly marked by destruction
layers at Lachish, Jerusalem, Azekah, and dozens of other Judean sites).
No reputable archaeologist supports 607 BCE—none at all.
- Astronomy (VAT 4956) conclusively dates
Nebuchadnezzar’s 37th year to 568/567 BCE, making his 18th year precisely
586/587 BCE. JW attempts to match VAT 4956 to 588 BCE have been thoroughly
refuted by astronomers as impossible—no published astronomical paper
validates the JW chronology.
Your
assertion that recent research validates 607 BCE astronomically is
categorically false. No professional astronomical or archaeological research
supports 607 BCE.
Claim 5: "Nebuchadnezzar’s 'missing years' and
madness."
You question
Nebuchadnezzar’s reign continuity, asking rhetorically about his alleged
"missing years." Babylonian historical and
administrative records show continuous documentation through
Nebuchadnezzar’s entire 43-year reign (605–562 BCE). Daniel 4 describes a temporary
period of incapacity, but never loss of the throne or administrative
discontinuity. No historical record suggests a vacancy in Nebuchadnezzar’s
reign. Your claim of "missing years" is completely invented,
unsupported by any ancient source, and directly contradicted by continuous
contemporary Babylonian texts.
Claim 6: "Carl
Olof Jonsson ignored the Exile in his GTR."
You demand
proof that Carl Olof Jonsson addresses Judah’s exile. Jonsson's Gentile Times
Reconsidered (GTR) explicitly and extensively analyzes the exile as
integral to the 70-year prophecy. He demonstrates conclusively the exile's
compatibility with the historically verified Babylonian domination period
(609–539 BCE). Your claim that Jonsson
"ignored exile" reveals you either haven’t carefully read
Jonsson’s thorough scholarship or deliberately misrepresent his detailed
discussion of exile and desolation.
Claim 7: "Counting back from 537 BCE yields
exactly 607 BCE."
You repeat
the claim that counting back 70 years from a supposed 537 BCE return yields 607
BCE exactly. The Bible and historical
records explicitly date Babylon’s fall to 539 BCE, Cyrus's decree in 538
BCE, and return shortly thereafter. There's no historical reason to
artificially delay two years to 537 BCE. Counting back exactly 70 years
from the historically confirmed decree of Cyrus in 538 BCE clearly places
the beginning of Babylon’s supremacy around 609 BCE, precisely matching
Nabopolassar’s final defeat of Assyria at Harran, not 607 BCE. Your
arbitrary insertion of an unsupported two-year delay is purely doctrinal, not
historical or biblical.
Claim 8: "Jeremiah’s multiple deportations prove
a 70-year exile."
You claim
Jeremiah’s multiple deportations (597, 586, 582 BCE) confirm your 70-year
exile. Jeremiah’s multiple
deportations explicitly contradict the JW claim of total desolation from
exactly 607 BCE onward. Clearly, the land was inhabited and not entirely
desolate after 607 BCE. These deportations confirm
precisely the historically accepted scholarly scenario: a prolonged
Babylonian subjugation culminating in Jerusalem’s destruction in 586/587
BCE, not total immediate desolation in 607 BCE.
Claim 9: "609 BCE is an arbitrary modern
interpolation."
You claim
scholars arbitrarily "invented" 609 BCE. The date 609 BCE is explicitly
documented in multiple independent ancient Babylonian Chronicles (ABC3,
ABC4, ABC5). Assyria’s defeat, Egyptian interventions, and Nabopolassar’s
campaigns against Harran are clearly dated historically and
archaeologically. No modern interpolation
occurred. Your claim of "arbitrariness" ignores the historical
evidence from the Babylonian Chronicles.
Claim 10: "607 BCE and JW's Gentile Times
withstand scholarly criticism."
You claim JW
chronology is validated by modern scholarship and history. No reputable historian,
archaeologist, or astronomer supports the JW chronology (607 BCE). JW chronology has been
repeatedly and comprehensively disproven by overwhelming evidence from
Babylonian, Persian, Egyptian, and astronomical sources. The date 1914 CE, dependent
solely on your false 607 BCE date, therefore collapses entirely, exposed
as historically untenable.
Your Final Challenge: "Provide ONE line of
evidence disproving 607 BCE."
Answer to
Your Challenge:
Here is ONE
definitive line of evidence:
- VAT 4956, an astronomical tablet from
Babylon, precisely dates Nebuchadnezzar’s 37th year to 568/567 BCE
through multiple verifiable astronomical observations (moon positions,
planetary positions, eclipses). Counting back 19 years to his 18th year
(Jerusalem’s destruction, 2 Kings 25:8–9), the result is indisputably 586/587
BCE, not 607 BCE.
This single astronomical tablet alone conclusively disproves the JW 607
BCE chronology. No JW researcher or advocate has successfully refuted this
evidence, despite numerous attempts.
Conclusion:
Your
arguments consistently rely upon selective quotations, misrepresentation,
outdated assertions, invented scenarios, and disregard for established
historical, archaeological, and astronomical facts.
The
scholarly consensus, supported by multiple independent lines of evidence,
remains irrefutably that Jerusalem was destroyed in 586/587 BCE, not 607
BCE.
Your
challenge for "one line of evidence" has been conclusively answered:
VAT 4956 alone disproves your chronology decisively and unambiguously. Your
repeated assertions are thus thoroughly and conclusively refuted.