Ross,
About proskuneô again:
I'm asking if the Father and the Son are treated the same way, in connection with this word, regardless of what connotations the word imples.
The problem is that the symbolical meaning of the act of proskuneô differs according to the nature of the object (bowing before a god or bowing before a man) -- so there is a bit of circular reasoning involved here.
Proskuneô to/before "God" or a god is, unambiguously, an act of worship (which, again, doesn't imply that the word proskuneô means "worship"). So in Matthew 4:9f; Luke 4:7f (God or the devil); John 4:20ff; 12:20; Acts 7:43 (gods); 8:27; 24:11; 1 Corinthians 14:25.
In the Gospels, which picture the earthly Jesus as a man (even if this "man" is actually "God in form of man" -- I choose a docetic wording deliberately here), the act is of necessity ambiguous: at the first level of reading all it means is that people bow before an important man; at a "deeper" level, to the believing reader, more is implied; only if the reader already believes that "Jesus is God" will s/he understand "worship". This ambiguity is essential to the narrative in most places. For instance in Matthew 2:2 (the Magi), 8 (Herod!), 11 (the Magi again); 8:2 (the leper, before his healing); 9:18 (the ruler, before the healing of his daughter); 15:25 (the Canaanite woman, before the healing of her daughter); 20:20 (the mother of Zebedee's sons); Mark 5:1 (a demon-possessed man); 15:19 (the soldiers!).
Only when the proskunèsis occurs as a result of revelation can an act of worship be implied, e.g. Matthew 14:33; 28:9,17; Luke 24:52; John 9:38. But only the reader who assumes that Jesus is actually God will understand that Jesus is treated as God.
That a purely human meaning is possible is clear from Matthew 18:26 (a slave proskunei before his master: if you understand an act of worship the parable ceases to be a parable).
Also, the angel in Revelation refusing John's proskunèsis is explicitly based on the relationship between angels and believers (they are "fellow slaves"); it does not imply that proskunèsis to an angel is always impossible, cf. 3:9: "I will make them come and bow down (proskunèsousin) before your (the angel of the church in Philadelphia's) feet."
In sum, the evidence from proskuneô is pretty inconclusive imo. The texts can be read from an Arian standpoint, putting Jesus somewhere in between "angels" and "God" (cf. Hebrews 1:6) and from a Nicene standpoint (implying Jesus = God).